:root {
  --ink: #0f172a;
  --muted: #64748b;
  --line: #e2e8f0;
  --panel: #f8fafc;
  --soft: #eef6fb;
  --surface: #ffffff;
  --primary: #0f172a;
  --accent: #0369a1;
  --accent-2: #0f766e;
  --accent-soft: #e0f2fe;
  --gold: #b45309;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --sidebar-width: 280px;
  --page-max: 1180px;
  --page-pad-x: clamp(28px, 4.6vw, 64px);
  --space-1: 8px;
  --space-2: 16px;
  --space-3: 24px;
  --space-4: 32px;
  --space-5: 48px;
  --space-6: 64px;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  overflow-anchor: none;
  overflow-y: scroll;
  scrollbar-gutter: stable;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: "Noto Sans TC", "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.72;
  background: var(--surface);
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

@keyframes nmosSweep {
  from {
    transform: translateX(-140%) skewX(-18deg);
  }

  to {
    transform: translateX(140%) skewX(-18deg);
  }
}

@keyframes nmosGoldPulse {
  0%,
  100% {
    box-shadow: 0 24px 70px rgba(120, 53, 15, 0.18), inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  }

  50% {
    box-shadow: 0 28px 90px rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.30), inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
  }
}

@keyframes nmosMarquee {
  from {
    transform: translateX(0);
  }

  to {
    transform: translateX(calc(-50% - 9px));
  }
}

.motion-ready .motion-reveal {
  transition: opacity 680ms cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1),
    transform 680ms cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

.motion-ready .motion-reveal:not(.is-visible) {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(22px);
}

.motion-ready .motion-reveal.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

a {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

a:focus-visible,
button:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.sr-only {
  position: absolute !important;
  width: 1px !important;
  height: 1px !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
  margin: -1px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  clip: rect(0 0 0 0) !important;
  clip-path: inset(50%) !important;
  white-space: nowrap !important;
}

.site-shell {
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: block;
  min-width: 0;
}

.sidebar {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  width: var(--sidebar-width);
  height: auto;
  min-width: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 34px;
  padding: 44px 36px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--primary);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.brand {
  color: var(--white);
  text-decoration: none;
  min-width: 0;
}

.brand strong {
  display: block;
  font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  font-size: 29px;
  line-height: 1.15;
}

.brand span {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 8px;
  color: #cbd5e1;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.side-nav {
  display: grid;
  gap: 7px;
  min-width: 0;
}

.side-nav a,
.sidebar-footer a {
  color: var(--white);
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.side-nav a {
  min-height: 42px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  border-left: 3px solid transparent;
  padding-left: 12px;
  color: #e2e8f0;
}

.side-nav a:hover,
.side-nav a.active {
  border-left-color: #38bdf8;
  color: #7dd3fc;
}

.sidebar-footer {
  display: grid;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-top: auto;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.page {
  width: auto;
  margin-left: var(--sidebar-width);
  min-height: 100vh;
  min-width: 0;
  background: var(--surface);
}

.container,
.page-header > *,
.section > *,
.home-hero > * {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--page-max);
  margin-left: 0;
  margin-right: auto;
}

.page-header {
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 230px;
  display: grid;
  align-content: center;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: var(--space-6) var(--page-pad-x);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.page-kicker,
.section-kicker,
.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.page-header h1,
.section-heading h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(34px, 4vw, 46px);
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.page-lead {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 18px;
}

.section {
  padding: var(--space-6) var(--page-pad-x);
}

.section.alt {
  background: var(--panel);
}

.section-heading {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

.section-heading h2 {
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3vw, 38px);
}

.section-heading p:not(.section-kicker) {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 12px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.home-hero {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  min-height: 560px;
  display: grid;
  align-content: center;
  padding: 80px var(--page-pad-x);
  color: var(--white);
  background:
    linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(3, 105, 161, 0.28), transparent 44%),
    repeating-linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.035) 0 1px, transparent 1px 16px),
    var(--primary);
}

.home-hero::before,
.lab-footer::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: -30% auto -30% 0;
  width: 34%;
  pointer-events: none;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18), transparent);
  animation: nmosSweep 7s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.home-hero > *,
.lab-footer > div {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.home-hero > .hero-particles {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 0;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: none;
  height: 100%;
  margin: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  opacity: 0.62;
}

.home-hero-grid {
  z-index: 2;
}

.home-hero-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 360px;
  gap: var(--space-5);
  align-items: center;
}

.home-hero h1 {
  margin: 0;
  max-width: none;
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: clamp(44px, 4.7vw, 64px);
  line-height: 1.08;
}

@media (min-width: 1101px) {
  .home-hero h1 {
    white-space: nowrap;
  }
}

.home-hero .subtitle {
  margin: 16px 0 0;
  color: #dbeafe;
  font-size: clamp(24px, 3vw, 36px);
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.research-typewriter {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr);
  min-height: 34px;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 14px;
  color: #bae6fd;
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.typewriter-label {
  color: #7dd3fc;
  font-size: 13px;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.typewriter-text::after {
  content: "";
  display: inline-block;
  width: 2px;
  height: 1em;
  margin-left: 5px;
  background: currentColor;
  vertical-align: -0.12em;
  animation: typewriterCaret 760ms step-end infinite;
}

.typewriter-static {
  display: none;
}

@keyframes typewriterCaret {
  0%,
  45% {
    opacity: 1;
  }

  46%,
  100% {
    opacity: 0;
  }
}

.home-hero .lead {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: var(--space-3) 0 0;
  color: #e2e8f0;
  font-size: 19px;
}

.hero-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
}

.hero-meta span,
.tag {
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.26);
  padding: 6px 10px;
  color: inherit;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.hero-panel {
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22);
  padding: var(--space-3);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
}

.hero-panel h2 {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: 22px;
}

.hero-panel-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 72px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
  padding: 14px 0;
}

.hero-panel-row:first-of-type {
  border-top: 0;
}

.hero-panel-row span {
  color: #7dd3fc;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.hero-panel-row p {
  margin: 0;
  color: #e2e8f0;
}

.grid-2,
.grid-3,
.grid-4 {
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--space-3);
}

.grid-2 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.grid-3 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.grid-4 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.card,
.info-card,
.paper-card,
.member-card,
.photo-card,
.contact-card {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
  transition: transform 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.card:hover,
.info-card:hover,
.paper-card:hover,
.member-card:hover,
.photo-card:hover,
.contact-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  border-color: #bae6fd;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 38px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.card,
.info-card,
.paper-card,
.member-card,
.contact-card {
  padding: var(--space-3);
}

.card h3,
.info-card h3,
.paper-card h3,
.member-card h3,
.contact-card h3 {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 21px;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.card p,
.info-card p,
.paper-card p,
.member-card p,
.contact-card p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.numbered-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 48px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-2);
}

.numbered-card .num {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.link-card {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.link-card:hover {
  border-color: #bae6fd;
}

.button-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
}

.button-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-height: 44px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--accent);
  padding: 8px 14px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 800;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: transform 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease, background 180ms ease;
}

.button-link:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 24px rgba(3, 105, 161, 0.22);
}

.button-link.secondary {
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.split {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 360px;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  align-items: start;
}

.media-frame {
  margin: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.media-frame img {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.media-frame.contain img {
  object-fit: contain;
  background: var(--surface);
}

.media-frame figcaption {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 10px 14px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.equipment-hero-block {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.9fr) minmax(420px, 1.1fr);
  gap: var(--space-5);
  align-items: center;
}

.equipment-hero-copy h2,
.equipment-detail-grid h2 {
  margin: 0 0 16px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(30px, 3.8vw, 48px);
  line-height: 1.18;
}

.equipment-hero-copy p,
.equipment-detail-grid p {
  max-width: 720px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 18px;
}

.equipment-tag-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
}

.equipment-tag-row span {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 7px 10px;
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--surface);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.equipment-hero-image,
.comparison-card,
.demo-video-frame {
  margin: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.equipment-hero-image img {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  object-fit: contain;
  background: var(--surface);
}

.aerial-hero-image img {
  object-fit: cover;
}

.jetson-hero-image img {
  background: #05070b;
}

.drone-hero-image img {
  object-fit: cover;
}

.mobile-arm-hero-image img {
  object-fit: cover;
}

.equipment-hero-image figcaption,
.comparison-card figcaption,
.demo-video-frame figcaption {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 12px 14px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.equipment-detail-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(360px, 0.95fr);
  gap: var(--space-5);
  align-items: center;
}

.equipment-capabilities {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0;
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.equipment-capabilities article {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 16px 18px;
}

.equipment-capabilities article:nth-child(-n + 2) {
  border-top: 0;
}

.equipment-capabilities article:nth-child(even) {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.equipment-capabilities strong {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.equipment-capabilities span {
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.equipment-summary-panel {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-top: 4px solid var(--accent);
  padding: var(--space-4);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.equipment-summary-panel h3 {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 26px;
}

.equipment-summary-panel p {
  margin: 0;
}

.source-note {
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.source-note a {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.equipment-diagram img {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
}

.comparison-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-3);
}

.comparison-card {
  overflow: hidden;
}

.comparison-card img {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.comparison-card figcaption span {
  margin-right: 10px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.equipment-flow {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.equipment-flow article {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 20px;
}

.equipment-flow article:first-child {
  border-left: 0;
}

.equipment-flow span {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.equipment-flow h3 {
  margin: 12px 0 8px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 20px;
}

.equipment-flow p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.demo-video-frame {
  overflow: hidden;
  width: min(100%, 1040px);
  margin-right: auto;
  margin-left: auto;
}

.demo-section .section-heading {
  width: min(100%, 1040px);
  margin-right: auto;
  margin-left: auto;
}

.demo-video-frame video {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  background: #020617;
}

.equipment-directory {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-3);
}

.equipment-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-rows: auto auto auto 1fr auto;
  min-height: 360px;
  align-content: start;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 0;
  color: inherit;
  background: var(--surface);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: transform 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.equipment-card:hover,
.equipment-card:focus-visible {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  border-color: #7dd3fc;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 38px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.equipment-card-thumb {
  margin: 0;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #f8fafc;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.equipment-card-thumb img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 260ms ease, filter 260ms ease;
}

.equipment-card:hover .equipment-card-thumb img,
.equipment-card:focus-visible .equipment-card-thumb img {
  transform: scale(1.035);
  filter: saturate(1.05) contrast(1.03);
}

.equipment-card-code {
  display: block;
  padding: 18px var(--space-3) 0;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.equipment-card h3 {
  margin: 18px var(--space-3) 10px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.28;
}

.equipment-card p {
  margin: 0 var(--space-3);
  color: var(--muted);
}

.equipment-card-action {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  align-self: end;
  margin: var(--space-3);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding-top: 12px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.equipment-card-action::after {
  content: "→";
  transition: transform 200ms ease;
}

.equipment-card:hover .equipment-card-action::after,
.equipment-card:focus-visible .equipment-card-action::after {
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

.equipment-card.is-ready {
  border-top: 4px solid var(--accent);
}

@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
  .pointer-glow-card {
    --glow-x: 50%;
    --glow-y: 50%;
    --tilt-x: 0deg;
    --tilt-y: 0deg;
    position: relative;
    isolation: isolate;
    overflow: hidden;
    transform-style: preserve-3d;
  }

  .pointer-glow-card::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    z-index: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    opacity: 0;
    background: radial-gradient(
      circle 220px at var(--glow-x) var(--glow-y),
      rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.20),
      rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.07) 38%,
      transparent 70%
    );
    transition: opacity 180ms ease;
  }

  .pointer-glow-card > * {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
  }

  .pointer-glow-card.is-pointer-active {
    transform: perspective(900px) rotateX(var(--tilt-x)) rotateY(var(--tilt-y)) translateY(-4px);
    border-color: #7dd3fc;
    box-shadow: 0 20px 44px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);
  }

  .pointer-glow-card.is-pointer-active::before {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

.equipment-structure-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.equipment-structure-grid article {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 20px;
}

.equipment-structure-grid article:first-child {
  border-left: 0;
}

.equipment-structure-grid strong {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.equipment-structure-grid span {
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.equipment-placeholder {
  max-width: 1100px;
}

.professor-profile {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 190px minmax(240px, 360px) minmax(420px, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-4);
  align-items: start;
  max-width: 1100px;
}

.profile-label {
  padding-top: 8px;
}

.profile-label h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 26px;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.professor-photo {
  margin: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.professor-photo img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center 30%;
}

.professor-info {
  min-width: 0;
}

.professor-info-list {
  display: grid;
  margin: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.professor-info-list div {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 120px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-3);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 13px 0;
}

.professor-info-list dt {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.professor-info-list dd {
  min-width: 0;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.65;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.professor-info-list dd span {
  margin-left: 8px;
}

.professor-info .button-row {
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
}

.stat-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-2);
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
}

.stat {
  border-top: 3px solid var(--accent);
  padding-top: var(--space-2);
}

.stat strong {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 28px;
  line-height: 1.1;
}

.stat span {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.research-map {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.research-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 120px 190px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-3);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 22px 24px;
}

.research-row:first-child {
  border-top: 0;
}

.research-row .num {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.research-row h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 24px;
}

.research-row p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.research-overview {
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 12% 18%, rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.10), transparent 24%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 88% 30%, rgba(15, 118, 110, 0.10), transparent 28%),
    var(--surface);
}

.research-duo {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-3);
}

.research-portal {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  min-height: 380px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: var(--space-4);
  color: var(--white);
  background: var(--primary);
  transition: transform 240ms ease, box-shadow 240ms ease;
}

.research-portal::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  background:
    linear-gradient(115deg, transparent 0 48%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18) 49%, transparent 56%),
    repeating-linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05) 0 1px, transparent 1px 18px);
  opacity: 0.72;
}

.research-portal:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 24px 60px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);
}

.research-portal.optical {
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(3, 105, 161, 0.38), transparent 58%),
    #082f49;
}

.research-portal.ai {
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(15, 118, 110, 0.40), transparent 58%),
    #102a43;
}

.research-portal > * {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.portal-num {
  position: absolute;
  top: 24px;
  right: 28px;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28);
  font-size: clamp(56px, 8vw, 112px);
  font-weight: 900;
  line-height: 1;
}

.research-portal h2 {
  max-width: 640px;
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3vw, 40px);
  line-height: 1.18;
}

.research-portal p:not(.section-kicker) {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin: 0;
  color: #dbeafe;
  font-size: 18px;
}

.chip-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
}

.chip-row span {
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28);
  padding: 5px 9px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.research-story {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 440px;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  align-items: start;
}

.research-story article {
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);
  padding-left: var(--space-3);
}

.research-story h3 {
  max-width: 820px;
  margin: 0 0 16px;
  font-size: clamp(26px, 3vw, 38px);
  line-height: 1.28;
}

.research-story p {
  max-width: 820px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 17px;
}

.method-stack {
  display: grid;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.method-stack div {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 110px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-2);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 16px 18px;
}

.method-stack div:first-child {
  border-top: 0;
}

.method-stack strong {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.method-stack span {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.flow-strip {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--line);
}

.flow-strip span {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 16px;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--surface);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.flow-strip span::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent), var(--accent-2));
  transform: scaleX(0.2);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: transform 220ms ease;
}

.flow-strip span:hover::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.ai-cluster-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-3);
}

.ai-cluster {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  min-height: 250px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: var(--space-3);
  background: var(--surface);
  transition: transform 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.ai-cluster::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0 0 auto;
  height: 4px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent), var(--accent-2));
}

.ai-cluster:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  border-color: #bae6fd;
  box-shadow: 0 18px 42px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.ai-cluster span {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.ai-cluster h3 {
  margin: 18px 0 12px;
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.32;
}

.ai-cluster p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.topic-detail {
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);
  background: var(--surface);
  padding: var(--space-4);
}

.topic-detail h2 {
  margin: 0 0 16px;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3vw, 40px);
}

.topic-detail p {
  max-width: 920px;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.method-table {
  display: grid;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.method-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 180px minmax(0, 1fr);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.method-row:first-child {
  border-top: 0;
}

.method-row strong,
.method-row span {
  padding: 16px 18px;
}

.method-row strong {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.method-row span {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.paper-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.paper-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 86px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-2);
  border: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.paper-card:first-child {
  border-top: 0;
}

.paper-year {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.conference-board {
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--space-4);
}

.conference-year-section {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 110px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-3);
  align-items: start;
}

.conference-year-section > h3 {
  position: sticky;
  top: 24px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 28px;
  line-height: 1;
}

.conference-list {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.conference-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 120px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-2);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 18px 20px;
}

.conference-item:first-child {
  border-top: 0;
}

.conference-item time {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.conference-item h4 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.42;
}

.conference-item p {
  margin: 8px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.58;
}

.project-timeline {
  display: grid;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.project-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 120px minmax(0, 1fr) 230px;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  align-items: center;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 20px 22px;
}

.project-item:first-child {
  border-top: 0;
}

.project-year {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.project-item h3,
.project-card h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 20px;
  line-height: 1.42;
}

.project-date {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 800;
  text-align: right;
}

.project-card {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: var(--space-3);
  background: var(--surface);
  transition: transform 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease, box-shadow 220ms ease;
}

.project-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  border-color: #bae6fd;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 38px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.project-card p {
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.publication-page {
  --pub-accent: #0f766e;
  --pub-accent-dark: #115e59;
  --pub-gold: #a16207;
  --pub-rule: #d7dee8;
  --pub-soft: #f6f8fb;
}

.publication-page .page-header {
  background: #fff;
}

.publication-page .section-kicker {
  color: var(--pub-accent);
}

.publication-page .paper-list {
  border: 0;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--pub-rule);
  background: transparent;
}

.publication-page .paper-card {
  grid-template-columns: 88px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-3);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--pub-rule);
  padding: 20px 0;
  background: transparent;
  box-shadow: none;
  transition: background-color 180ms ease;
}

.publication-page .paper-card:first-child {
  border-top: 0;
}

.publication-page .paper-card:hover {
  transform: none;
  border-color: var(--pub-rule);
  background: rgba(15, 118, 110, 0.035);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.publication-page .paper-year,
.publication-page .conference-year-section > h3,
.publication-page .conference-item time,
.publication-page .project-year {
  color: var(--pub-accent-dark);
}

.publication-page .paper-card h3 {
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: clamp(18px, 1.6vw, 22px);
}

.publication-page .paper-card h3 a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.publication-page .paper-card h3 a:hover,
.publication-page .paper-card h3 a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.publication-page .paper-card p {
  color: #64748b;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.publication-page .conference-board {
  gap: var(--space-5);
}

.publication-page .conference-year-section {
  grid-template-columns: 96px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-4);
}

.publication-page .conference-year-section > h3 {
  top: 30px;
  padding-top: 4px;
  font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  font-size: 34px;
}

.publication-page .conference-list {
  border: 0;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
  background: transparent;
}

.publication-page .conference-item {
  grid-template-columns: 118px minmax(0, 1fr);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--pub-rule);
  padding: 17px 0;
}

.publication-page .conference-item:first-child {
  border-top: 0;
}

.publication-page .conference-item h4 {
  font-size: 17px;
}

.publication-page .conference-item p {
  color: #64748b;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.publication-page .project-timeline {
  border: 0;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--pub-rule);
  background: transparent;
}

.publication-page .project-item {
  grid-template-columns: 130px minmax(0, 1fr) 230px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--pub-rule);
  padding: 18px 0;
}

.publication-page .project-item:first-child {
  border-top: 0;
}

.publication-page .project-item h3 {
  font-size: 19px;
}

.side-panel {
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--space-3);
}

.featured-publication {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 180px;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  align-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-left: 5px solid var(--gold);
  padding: var(--space-4);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.featured-publication h2 {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  font-size: clamp(24px, 3vw, 34px);
  line-height: 1.38;
}

.featured-publication p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.featured-author img {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1.15;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center 24%;
}

.leopard-feature {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 210px;
  border: 2px solid #f8d477;
  border-left: 8px solid #d97706;
  color: #fff7d6;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 14% 18%, rgba(251, 191, 36, 0.26) 0 8px, transparent 9px),
    radial-gradient(circle at 73% 28%, rgba(251, 191, 36, 0.22) 0 12px, transparent 13px),
    radial-gradient(circle at 56% 68%, rgba(251, 191, 36, 0.18) 0 9px, transparent 10px),
    linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12) 0 1px, transparent 1px 58%),
    linear-gradient(135deg, #1b1105 0%, #2b1606 48%, #090604 100%);
  animation: nmosGoldPulse 4.8s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.leopard-feature::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: -40% auto -40% -30%;
  width: 44%;
  pointer-events: none;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255, 240, 180, 0.46), transparent);
  filter: blur(1px);
  animation: nmosSweep 5.8s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.leopard-feature::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  opacity: 0.34;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 22% 30%, transparent 0 9px, rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.6) 10px 12px, transparent 13px),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 82% 18%, transparent 0 11px, rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.48) 12px 15px, transparent 16px),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 68% 78%, transparent 0 8px, rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.48) 9px 12px, transparent 13px),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 36% 82%, transparent 0 10px, rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.44) 11px 14px, transparent 15px);
}

.leopard-feature > * {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.leopard-feature .section-kicker {
  display: inline-flex;
  border: 1px solid rgba(252, 211, 77, 0.72);
  padding: 5px 10px;
  color: #fde68a;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.leopard-feature h2 {
  color: #fff7d6;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55), 0 0 24px rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.18);
}

.leopard-feature p {
  color: #f8e7b2;
}

.leopard-feature .button-link {
  border-color: #fcd34d;
  color: #1f1304;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #fff1a8, #f59e0b);
  box-shadow: 0 0 24px rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.35);
}

.leopard-feature .button-link:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 0 34px rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.55);
}

.leopard-feature .featured-author img {
  border: 2px solid #f8d477;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.42);
}

.current-members-section .section-heading {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.current-members-roster {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 150px minmax(0, 1fr);
  border-top: 2px solid var(--accent);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.roster-meta {
  display: grid;
  align-content: center;
  gap: 4px;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 18px 20px;
}

.roster-year {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 30px;
  font-weight: 900;
  line-height: 1;
}

.roster-label {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.member-name-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr));
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.member-name-grid li {
  display: grid;
  gap: 8px;
  min-height: 92px;
  align-content: center;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 18px 20px;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff, #f8fafc);
}

.member-name-grid li:first-child {
  border-left: 0;
}

.member-name-grid li span {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 900;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.member-name-grid li strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 900;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.thesis-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.thesis-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 140px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-2);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 13px 16px;
}

.thesis-item:first-child {
  border-top: 0;
}

.student-name {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 900;
}

.thesis-title {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.thesis-profile > summary {
  grid-template-columns: 140px minmax(0, 1fr) 28px;
  align-items: center;
  list-style: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background-color 180ms ease;
}

.thesis-profile:first-child > summary {
  border-top: 0;
}

.thesis-profile > summary::-webkit-details-marker {
  display: none;
}

.thesis-profile > summary:hover,
.thesis-profile > summary:focus-visible,
.thesis-profile[open] > summary {
  background: var(--panel);
}

.thesis-profile > summary:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: -3px;
}

.profile-toggle {
  display: grid;
  width: 28px;
  height: 28px;
  place-items: center;
  color: var(--accent);
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.profile-toggle::before {
  content: "";
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  border-right: 2px solid currentColor;
  border-bottom: 2px solid currentColor;
  transform: translateY(-2px) rotate(45deg);
}

.thesis-profile[open] .profile-toggle {
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.member-profile-gallery {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 16px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 18px;
  background: var(--panel);
  animation: memberProfileReveal 240ms ease-out both;
}

.member-profile-gallery-single {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 360px);
}

.member-profile-gallery figure {
  margin: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--surface);
}

.member-profile-gallery img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center 28%;
}

@keyframes memberProfileReveal {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(-6px);
  }

  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

.activity-hero {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.activity-hero img {
  width: 100%;
  max-height: 560px;
  display: block;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.activity-hero figcaption {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  padding: var(--space-3);
  color: var(--white);
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, transparent, rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.82));
}

.activity-hero h2 {
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 4vw, 48px);
}

.photo-marquee {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  padding: 14px 0;
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, var(--surface), transparent 12%, transparent 88%, var(--surface)),
    var(--panel);
}

.photo-marquee::before,
.photo-marquee::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  z-index: 2;
  width: 52px;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.photo-marquee::before {
  left: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--panel), transparent);
}

.photo-marquee::after {
  right: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(270deg, var(--panel), transparent);
}

.activity-marquee {
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
}

.marquee-track {
  display: flex;
  width: max-content;
  gap: 18px;
  padding: 0 18px;
  animation: nmosMarquee 34s linear infinite;
  will-change: transform;
}

.photo-marquee:hover .marquee-track {
  animation-play-state: paused;
}

.marquee-card {
  position: relative;
  flex: 0 0 clamp(240px, 25vw, 360px);
  overflow: hidden;
  margin: 0;
  border: 1px solid rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.9);
  background: var(--surface);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.marquee-card img {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.marquee-card .gallery-zoom img {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
}

.marquee-card figcaption {
  display: none;
}

.activity-hero .gallery-zoom {
  cursor: zoom-in;
}

.activity-hero .gallery-zoom img {
  max-height: 560px;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
}

.album-block {
  padding-top: var(--space-5);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-5);
}

.album-heading {
  display: flex;
  align-items: end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.album-heading h2 {
  margin: 0;
}

.gallery-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(260px, 1fr));
  gap: 18px;
}

.gallery-grid-large {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: 16px;
}

.tcse-album > * {
  max-width: none;
}

.tcse-heading {
  padding-bottom: 20px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.tcse-meta {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.6;
  text-align: right;
}

.tcse-feature-photo {
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.tcse-feature-photo img {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 7;
  object-position: center 58%;
}

.twcis-album > * {
  max-width: none;
}

.twcis-heading {
  padding-bottom: 20px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.twcis-meta {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.6;
  text-align: right;
}

.twcis-feature-photo {
  background: #0b1220;
}

.photo-card.twcis-feature-photo img {
  height: min(72vh, 720px);
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center;
}

.photo-card {
  overflow: hidden;
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.gallery-zoom {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
  background: transparent;
  cursor: zoom-in;
}

.gallery-zoom:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 4px;
}

.photo-card img,
.gallery-zoom img {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.activity-video-tile {
  background: #020617;
}

.activity-video-tile video {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  object-fit: cover;
  background: #020617;
}

.photo-card:hover img,
.activity-video-tile:hover video {
  transform: scale(1.025);
}

.photo-card figcaption {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 10px 12px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.gallery-grid .photo-card figcaption {
  display: none;
}

.photo-lightbox {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 40;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  padding: 40px;
  background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.88);
  cursor: zoom-out;
}

.photo-lightbox[hidden] {
  display: none;
}

.photo-lightbox img {
  max-width: min(1120px, 92vw);
  max-height: 86vh;
  object-fit: contain;
  cursor: default;
}

.lightbox-close,
.lightbox-nav {
  position: fixed;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.42);
  color: var(--white);
  background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.7);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.lightbox-close {
  top: 22px;
  right: 24px;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  font-size: 30px;
  line-height: 1;
}

.lightbox-nav {
  top: 50%;
  width: 54px;
  height: 72px;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  font-size: 52px;
  line-height: 0.8;
}

.lightbox-prev {
  left: 24px;
}

.lightbox-next {
  right: 24px;
}

.lightbox-counter {
  position: fixed;
  left: 50%;
  bottom: 24px;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.32);
  padding: 6px 12px;
  color: var(--white);
  background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.75);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.contact-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 360px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-4);
  align-items: start;
}

.contact-card p + p {
  margin-top: 14px;
}

.map-frame {
  margin: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.map-frame img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}

.map-frame figcaption {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 10px 14px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.lab-footer {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: var(--space-5) var(--page-pad-x);
  color: #cbd5e1;
  background:
    linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(15, 118, 110, 0.24), transparent 48%),
    repeating-linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.035) 0 1px, transparent 1px 16px),
    var(--primary);
}

.lab-footer > div {
  width: min(100%, var(--page-max));
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.lab-footer h2 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: 26px;
}

.lab-footer p {
  margin: 4px 0;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }

  .marquee-track {
    animation: none !important;
    transform: none !important;
  }

  .motion-ready .motion-reveal {
    opacity: 1 !important;
    transform: none !important;
    transition: none !important;
  }

  .hero-particles,
  .typewriter-text {
    display: none !important;
  }

  .typewriter-static {
    display: inline;
  }

  .pointer-glow-card,
  .pointer-glow-card.is-pointer-active {
    transform: none !important;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .home-hero-grid,
  .split,
  .professor-profile,
  .equipment-hero-block,
  .equipment-detail-grid,
  .research-duo,
  .research-story,
  .featured-publication,
  .contact-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .professor-photo {
    max-width: 360px;
  }

  .hero-panel {
    max-width: 560px;
  }

  .grid-4 {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .equipment-directory,
  .equipment-structure-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .equipment-card:last-child,
  .equipment-structure-grid article:nth-child(odd) {
    border-left: 0;
  }

  .equipment-structure-grid article:nth-child(n + 3) {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .ai-cluster-grid,
  .flow-strip,
  .equipment-flow {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .equipment-flow article:nth-child(odd) {
    border-left: 0;
  }

  .equipment-flow article:nth-child(n + 3) {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .leopard-feature .featured-author {
    max-width: 240px;
  }

  .member-name-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .member-name-grid li:nth-child(4) {
    border-left: 0;
  }

}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .hero-particles {
    display: none;
  }

  .research-typewriter {
    min-height: 32px;
    font-size: 16px;
  }

  .motion-ready .motion-reveal:not(.is-visible) {
    transform: translateY(9px);
  }

  .site-shell {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100vw;
    overflow-x: hidden;
  }

  .sidebar {
    position: static;
    height: auto;
    padding: 22px;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100vw;
    overflow-y: visible;
  }

  .side-nav {
    display: flex;
    gap: 14px;
    overflow-x: auto;
    white-space: nowrap;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
  }

  .side-nav a {
    min-height: 44px;
    border-left: 0;
    border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;
    padding: 0 0 6px;
  }

  .side-nav a:hover,
  .side-nav a.active {
    border-bottom-color: #38bdf8;
  }

  .sidebar-footer {
    display: none;
  }

  .page {
    width: 100%;
    margin-left: 0;
    max-width: 100vw;
  }

  .container,
  .page-header > *,
  .section > *,
  .home-hero > * {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
  }

  .home-hero {
    min-height: auto;
  }

  .page-header,
  .section,
  .home-hero,
  .lab-footer {
    padding-left: 22px;
    padding-right: 22px;
  }

  .grid-2,
  .grid-3,
  .grid-4,
  .equipment-directory,
  .equipment-structure-grid,
  .comparison-grid,
  .equipment-capabilities,
  .equipment-flow,
  .ai-cluster-grid,
  .flow-strip,
  .stat-row,
  .gallery-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .tcse-feature-photo img {
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  }

  .tcse-meta {
    text-align: left;
  }

  .twcis-meta {
    text-align: left;
  }

  .photo-card.twcis-feature-photo img {
    height: min(78vh, 680px);
  }

  .album-heading {
    align-items: start;
  }

  .equipment-capabilities article,
  .equipment-capabilities article:nth-child(-n + 2),
  .equipment-capabilities article:nth-child(even),
  .equipment-structure-grid article,
  .equipment-structure-grid article:first-child,
  .equipment-structure-grid article:nth-child(odd),
  .equipment-structure-grid article:nth-child(n + 3),
  .equipment-flow article,
  .equipment-flow article:first-child,
  .equipment-flow article:nth-child(odd),
  .equipment-flow article:nth-child(n + 3) {
    border-left: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .equipment-capabilities article:first-child,
  .equipment-structure-grid article:first-child,
  .equipment-flow article:first-child {
    border-top: 0;
  }

  .photo-marquee {
    padding: 10px 0;
  }

  .photo-marquee::before,
  .photo-marquee::after {
    width: 24px;
  }

  .marquee-track {
    gap: 12px;
    padding: 0 12px;
    animation-duration: 26s;
  }

  .marquee-card {
    flex-basis: 250px;
  }

  .research-row,
  .method-row,
  .method-stack div,
  .paper-card,
  .conference-year-section,
  .conference-item,
  .project-item,
  .thesis-item {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 6px;
  }

  .conference-year-section > h3 {
    position: static;
  }

  .project-date {
    text-align: left;
  }

  .thesis-profile > summary {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 28px;
  }

  .thesis-profile > summary .student-name {
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: 1;
  }

  .thesis-profile > summary .profile-toggle {
    grid-column: 2;
    grid-row: 1;
  }

  .thesis-profile > summary .thesis-title {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    grid-row: 2;
  }

  .member-profile-gallery {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .research-portal {
    min-height: 320px;
    padding: var(--space-3);
  }

  .research-portal h2 {
    font-size: 32px;
  }

  .research-story article {
    padding-left: var(--space-2);
  }

  .member-name-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .current-members-roster {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .roster-meta {
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .member-name-grid li:nth-child(odd) {
    border-left: 0;
  }

  .member-name-grid li:nth-child(even) {
    border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .member-name-grid li {
    min-height: 76px;
  }

  .lightbox-nav {
    top: auto;
    bottom: 20px;
    width: 46px;
    height: 46px;
    transform: none;
    font-size: 38px;
  }

  .professor-info-list div {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 4px;
  }

  .professor-info-list dd span {
    display: block;
    margin-left: 0;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .member-name-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .member-name-grid li,
  .member-name-grid li:nth-child(even),
  .member-name-grid li:nth-child(odd) {
    border-left: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .member-name-grid li:first-child {
    border-top: 0;
  }
}